In JavaScript, when a non-boolean value is used in a boolean context, for example in a conditional statement, such as an if, this value is automatically coerced into either true or false to avoid unexpected behavior.

Any value that is considered true when evaluated in a boolean context is called truthy, and includes:

• true
• non-empty strings (e.g., "hello", "0", "false")
• non-zero numbers (e.g., 1, -2.5)
• arrays (even empty)
• objects (even empty)
• functions

On the other hand, any value that is considered false when evaluated in a boolean context is called falsy, and includes:

• false
• 0
• null
• undefined
• NaN
• empty strings (e.g., "")